The market excludes escalators, moving walkways, stairlifts, cranes, hoists without enclosed cabins, conveyor systems, automated storage and retrieval systems (ASRS), forklift systems, aerial lifting platforms, construction site hoists, ship-loading equipment, and material handling systems that are not classified as permanent elevator installations. It also excludes rope-less experimental mobility systems, pneumatic lifting devices outside commercial elevator standards, aircraft lifting systems, amusement ride lifting systems, and temporary lifting equipment used in construction activities. Revenue associated with standalone building management software, unrelated smart building infrastructure, external façade access systems, and non-elevator mobility solutions is also excluded unless directly integrated into elevator operations or modernization contracts.