Broadly stable
Spain Primary Energy Consumption moved from 5.66 Exajoules in 2015 to 5.66 Exajoules in 2023 (+0%), an average of +0% a year. The series high was 5.86 Exajoules in 2018 and the low 5.12 Exajoules in 2020.
What Spain Primary Energy Consumption shows
Spain Primary Energy Consumption was 5.66 Exajoules in 2023, down 1.2% on 2022. The Primary Energy Consumption dataset of Spain from 2015 to 2023 provides a comprehensive overview of the country’s energy consumption landscape, highlighting total energy demand, consumption patterns, and long-term changes in the overall energy system.
A 12.6% peak-to-trough swing
The gap between the series high (2018) and low (2020) is 0.740 Exajoules. The sharpest single-year move was −10.2% in 2020.
Ranks 17 of 37 countries covered
Among the 37 countries in this dataset, Spain ranks 17 for 2023, behind China (170.7 Exajoules) and U.S. (94.28 Exajoules). It accounts for 0.9% of the global total in 2023.
Full series
Spain Primary Energy Consumption by year
Complete annual series with year-on-year change. Values are reported in Exajoules.
Scroll the table sideways to see all columns.
| Year | Exajoules | Change vs prior year |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 5.66 | −1.2% |
| 2022 | 5.73 | +4% |
| 2021 | 5.51 | +7.6% |
| 2020 Trough | 5.12 | −10.2% |
| 2019 | 5.70 | −2.7% |
| 2018Peak | 5.86 | +1.6% |
| 2017 | 5.77 | +1.2% |
| 2016 | 5.70 | +0.7% |
| 2015 | 5.66 | — |
Regional context
How Spain compares in Europe
Primary Energy Consumption by country, 2023, Exajoules. Spain is highlighted.
1Germany11.41
2France8.66
3Turkey7.00
4UK6.95
5Italy5.95
6Spain5.66
7Netherlands3.44
8Sweden2.15
Data definition
Inclusions and exclusions
Primary Energy Consumption — - Primary Energy Consumption refers to the total amount of energy consumed by a country before conversion into secondary energy forms such as electricity, heat, or refined fuels. It represents the consumption of energy from primary sources including fossil fuels, nuclear energy, and renewable energy sources within a given year. The metric is generally measured in Exajoules (EJ) and provides an overview of a country’s overall energy demand, economic activity, industrial development, and energy system structure. Primary Energy Consumption is an important indicator for evaluating energy usage patterns, resource dependence, energy security, and long-term energy transition trends across countries.
The data includes consumption of primary energy from major energy sources such as coal, crude oil, natural gas, nuclear energy, hydroelectricity, wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, and other renewable energy sources. It covers energy used across different sectors, including industrial, residential, commercial, transportation, and power generation activities. The dataset accounts for energy input before transformation into secondary energy products, allowing measurement of total energy demand at the national level. It includes domestically consumed energy and follows standardized calculation methodologies based on energy statistics from national sources and international energy databases, enabling comparison of energy consumption trends among countries.
The data excludes secondary energy products after conversion, such as electricity and refined petroleum products, when measured separately from their original primary energy inputs. It does not represent only electricity consumption or final energy consumption by end users. The indicator does not directly measure energy efficiency, energy affordability, carbon emissions, or the quality and reliability of energy services. Energy losses occurring during energy transformation, distribution, and transmission are accounted for according to the methodology used but do not represent actual useful energy consumed by consumers. Minor differences may occur due to variations in national statistical reporting, estimation methods, and energy accounting practices.
About this indicator
Primary Energy Consumption — - Primary Energy Consumption refers to the total amount of energy consumed by a country before conversion into secondary energy forms such as electricity, heat, or refined fuels. It represents the consumption of energy from primary sources including fossil fuels, nuclear energy, and renewable energy sources within a given year. The metric is generally measured in Exajoules (EJ) and provides an overview of a country’s overall energy demand, economic activity, industrial development, and energy system structure. Primary Energy Consumption is an important indicator for evaluating energy usage patterns, resource dependence, energy security, and long-term energy transition trends across countries.
Measured in Exajoules (EJ), the dataset represents the total primary energy consumed across the country and serves as an important indicator of energy utilization, economic activity, and infrastructure development.
Spain recorded primary energy consumption of 5.66 EJ in 2015, followed by a gradual increase to 5.70 EJ in 2016. Consumption continued rising to 5.77 EJ in 2017 and reached 5.86 EJ in 2018, reflecting increased energy demand during this period. In 2019, consumption declined slightly to 5.70 EJ before decreasing significantly to 5.12 EJ in 2020 due to reduced economic activity and lower energy requirements. Energy consumption recovered in 2021, reaching 5.51 EJ, and continued increasing to 5.73 EJ in 2022. In 2023, Spain recorded primary energy consumption of 5.66 EJ, returning to the same level observed in 2015.
Overall, the dataset demonstrates a relatively stable primary energy consumption trend in Spain from 2015 to 2023, with temporary fluctuations influenced by changing economic conditions and energy demand patterns. The decline in 2020 represents the most significant variation, followed by a recovery phase during the following years. The overall stability indicates consistent energy requirements supported by economic activity, infrastructure development, and evolving energy management practices.
The dataset is useful for analyzing Spain’s energy consumption patterns, evaluating long-term demand changes, and comparing energy trends across global markets. It supports studies related to energy policy, sustainability planning, resource management, and infrastructure assessment. Additionally, the data provides a reliable reference for researchers, analysts, and policymakers examining energy efficiency, future consumption scenarios, and the relationship between energy usage, economic development, and energy transition strategies.
- Indicator
- Primary Energy Consumption
- Country
- Spain
- Region
- Europe
- Unit
- Exajoules
- Coverage
- 2015–2023, annual
- Category
- Energy & Power
- Last updated
- July 2026
- Source
- energyinst.org
Cite this dataset
Using this data in a report, paper or presentation? Copy a formatted citation.
Copied
Frequently asked questions
What is Spain Primary Energy Consumption?
Definition- Primary Energy Consumption refers to the total amount of energy consumed by a country before conversion into secondary energy forms such as electricity, heat, or refined fuels. It represents the consumption of energy from primary sources including fossil fuels, nuclear energy, and renewable energy sources within a given year. The metric is generally measured in Exajoules (EJ) and provides an overview of a country’s overall energy demand, economic activity, industrial development, and energy system structure. Primary Energy Consumption is an important indicator for evaluating energy usage patterns, resource dependence, energy security, and long-term energy transition trends across countries.
What was Spain Primary Energy Consumption in 2023?
Spain Primary Energy Consumption was 5.66 Exajoules in 2023, down 1.2% on 2022.
How has Spain Primary Energy Consumption changed between 2015 and 2023?
Spain Primary Energy Consumption moved from 5.66 Exajoules in 2015 to 5.66 Exajoules in 2023 (+0%), an average of +0% a year. The series high was 5.86 Exajoules in 2018 and the low 5.12 Exajoules in 2020.
Which year had the highest and lowest Spain Primary Energy Consumption?
The highest value was 5.86 Exajoules in 2018 and the lowest was 5.12 Exajoules in 2020.
What does the Spain Primary Energy Consumption data include and exclude?
Included: The data includes consumption of primary energy from major energy sources such as coal, crude oil, natural gas, nuclear energy, hydroelectricity, wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, and other renewable energy sources. It covers energy used across different sectors, including industrial, residential, commercial, transportation, and power generation activities. The dataset accounts for energy input before transformation into secondary energy products, allowing measurement of total energy demand at the national level. It includes domestically consumed energy and follows standardized calculation methodologies based on energy statistics from national sources and international energy databases, enabling comparison of energy consumption trends among countries. Excluded: The data excludes secondary energy products after conversion, such as electricity and refined petroleum products, when measured separately from their original primary energy inputs. It does not represent only electricity consumption or final energy consumption by end users. The indicator does not directly measure energy efficiency, energy affordability, carbon emissions, or the quality and reliability of energy services. Energy losses occurring during energy transformation, distribution, and transmission are accounted for according to the methodology used but do not represent actual useful energy consumed by consumers. Minor differences may occur due to variations in national statistical reporting, estimation methods, and energy accounting practices.
Where does the Spain Primary Energy Consumption data come from?
The series is sourced from energyinst.org (https://www.energyinst.org/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/1542714/684_EI_Stat_Review_V16_DIGITAL.pdf). It covers 2015–2023 and is reported in Exajoules.
Need more data?
Get in touch with our research team
Need a longer historical series, a custom country set, additional dimensions, or a tailored dataset? Send us your requirement.