- Energy & Process GHG Emissions refer to the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions generated from energy-related activities and industrial processes within a given year.
Indonesia Energy & Process GHG Emissions was 861.5 Million Tonnes in 2023, up 1.1% on 2022. The Energy & Process GHG Emissions dataset of Indonesia from 2015 to 2023 provides a clear and consistent view of the country’s greenhouse gas emission landscape, highlighting emission trends, industrial activities, and energy-related emission patterns over the observed period.
Indonesia Energy & Process GHG Emissions moved from 592.9 Million Tonnes in 2015 to 861.5 Million Tonnes in 2023 (+45.3%), an average of +4.8% a year. The series high was 861.5 Million Tonnes in 2023 and the low 592.9 Million Tonnes in 2015.
The gap between the series high (2023) and low (2015) is 268.6 Million Tonnes. The sharpest single-year move was +27.9% in 2022.
Among the 36 countries in this dataset, Indonesia ranks 6 for 2023, behind China (12,604 Million Tonnes) and U.S. (5,130 Million Tonnes). It accounts for 2.1% of the global total in 2023.
Full series
Complete annual series with year-on-year change. Values are reported in Million Tonnes.
Scroll the table sideways to see all columns.
| Year | Million Tonnes | Change vs prior year |
|---|---|---|
| 2023Peak | 861.5 | +1.1% |
| 2022 | 852.1 | +27.9% |
| 2021 | 666.4 | +0.9% |
| 2020 | 660.2 | −7.7% |
| 2019 | 715.4 | +7.5% |
| 2018 | 665.5 | +7.4% |
| 2017 | 619.8 | +3.7% |
| 2016 | 597.7 | +0.8% |
| 2015 Trough | 592.9 | — |
Regional context
Energy & Process GHG Emissions by country, 2023, Million Tonnes. Indonesia is highlighted.
Data definition
Energy & Process GHG Emissions — - Energy & Process GHG Emissions refer to the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions generated from energy-related activities and industrial processes within a given year. The indicator is typically expressed in million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (MtCO₂e) and combines emissions from fossil fuel combustion, industrial energy use, and process-related activities into a single measure using global warming potential (GWP) factors. It provides a comprehensive assessment of emissions associated with energy production, energy consumption, and industrial manufacturing, making it a key indicator for evaluating a country's environmental impact, industrial development, and progress toward climate mitigation objectives.
The data includes greenhouse gas emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas across all major sectors, including electricity and heat generation, manufacturing, transportation, residential, commercial, and other energy-consuming activities. It also includes emissions from industrial processes that are not directly related to fuel combustion, such as cement production, lime manufacturing, chemical production, metal processing, and other process-related industrial activities. The indicator incorporates major greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), nitrous oxide (N₂O), and, where applicable, fluorinated gases, expressed as carbon dioxide equivalent (CO₂e) using internationally recognized global warming potential factors. Data is compiled using standardized international methodologies to ensure consistent reporting and comparability across countries and over time.
The data excludes greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture, forestry, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF), waste management, and other non-energy sectors unless explicitly included within the reporting methodology. It does not account for carbon removals through forests, carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS), or other negative emission technologies. The indicator excludes indirect emissions embodied in imported goods and services and does not measure sector-specific emission intensity, per capita emissions, or energy efficiency. Variations in national reporting practices, industrial classifications, emission factors, and estimation methodologies may result in minor differences in reported values across countries.
Energy & Process GHG Emissions — - Energy & Process GHG Emissions refer to the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions generated from energy-related activities and industrial processes within a given year. The indicator is typically expressed in million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (MtCO₂e) and combines emissions from fossil fuel combustion, industrial energy use, and process-related activities into a single measure using global warming potential (GWP) factors. It provides a comprehensive assessment of emissions associated with energy production, energy consumption, and industrial manufacturing, making it a key indicator for evaluating a country's environmental impact, industrial development, and progress toward climate mitigation objectives.
Measured in million tonnes, the dataset reflects greenhouse gas emissions generated from energy production, fuel combustion, and industrial process activities, making it an important indicator of environmental performance, industrial expansion, energy demand, and progress toward climate objectives.
Indonesia recorded 592.90 million tonnes of energy and process greenhouse gas emissions in 2015, increasing slightly to 597.70 million tonnes in 2016 and 619.80 million tonnes in 2017. Emissions continued to rise to 665.50 million tonnes in 2018 and 715.40 million tonnes in 2019, reflecting sustained economic growth, expanding manufacturing activity, and increasing energy consumption. In 2020, emissions declined to 660.20 million tonnes due to reduced industrial operations and lower energy demand during the global pandemic. Economic recovery contributed to emissions increasing to 666.40 million tonnes in 2021 before rising sharply to 852.10 million tonnes in 2022. The upward trend continued in 2023, when emissions reached 861.50 million tonnes, the highest level recorded during the review period, indicating robust industrial expansion and growing electricity demand.
Overall, the dataset demonstrates a pronounced long-term increase in greenhouse gas emissions, interrupted only by the temporary decline recorded in 2020. The strong post-pandemic recovery highlights accelerating industrialization and rising energy requirements while emphasizing the importance of improving energy efficiency and expanding cleaner energy technologies.
The dataset supports greenhouse gas monitoring, industrial emission assessment, sustainability analysis, climate policy evaluation, regional benchmarking, long-term environmental planning, and future emission forecasting, helping policymakers, researchers, and industry stakeholders develop effective emission reduction strategies and strengthen Indonesia's transition toward sustainable, lower-carbon economic growth.
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Definition- Energy & Process GHG Emissions refer to the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions generated from energy-related activities and industrial processes within a given year. The indicator is typically expressed in million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (MtCO₂e) and combines emissions from fossil fuel combustion, industrial energy use, and process-related activities into a single measure using global warming potential (GWP) factors. It provides a comprehensive assessment of emissions associated with energy production, energy consumption, and industrial manufacturing, making it a key indicator for evaluating a country's environmental impact, industrial development, and progress toward climate mitigation objectives.
Indonesia Energy & Process GHG Emissions was 861.5 Million Tonnes in 2023, up 1.1% on 2022.
Indonesia Energy & Process GHG Emissions moved from 592.9 Million Tonnes in 2015 to 861.5 Million Tonnes in 2023 (+45.3%), an average of +4.8% a year. The series high was 861.5 Million Tonnes in 2023 and the low 592.9 Million Tonnes in 2015.
The highest value was 861.5 Million Tonnes in 2023 and the lowest was 592.9 Million Tonnes in 2015.
Included: The data includes greenhouse gas emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas across all major sectors, including electricity and heat generation, manufacturing, transportation, residential, commercial, and other energy-consuming activities. It also includes emissions from industrial processes that are not directly related to fuel combustion, such as cement production, lime manufacturing, chemical production, metal processing, and other process-related industrial activities. The indicator incorporates major greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), nitrous oxide (N₂O), and, where applicable, fluorinated gases, expressed as carbon dioxide equivalent (CO₂e) using internationally recognized global warming potential factors. Data is compiled using standardized international methodologies to ensure consistent reporting and comparability across countries and over time. Excluded: The data excludes greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture, forestry, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF), waste management, and other non-energy sectors unless explicitly included within the reporting methodology. It does not account for carbon removals through forests, carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS), or other negative emission technologies. The indicator excludes indirect emissions embodied in imported goods and services and does not measure sector-specific emission intensity, per capita emissions, or energy efficiency. Variations in national reporting practices, industrial classifications, emission factors, and estimation methodologies may result in minor differences in reported values across countries.
The series is sourced from energyinst.org (https://www.energyinst.org/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/1542714/684_EI_Stat_Review_V16_DIGITAL.pdf). It covers 2015–2023 and is reported in Million Tonnes.
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