- Primary Energy Consumption per Capita refers to the total amount of primary energy consumed within a country divided by its total population in a given year.
Italy Primary Energy Consumption per Capita was 101 Gigajoule per Capita in 2023, down 3.6% on 2022. The Primary Energy Consumption per Capita dataset of Italy from 2015 to 2023 provides a clear and consistent view of the country’s per person energy consumption landscape, highlighting individual energy usage patterns, consumption stability, and long-term energy demand trends.
Italy Primary Energy Consumption per Capita moved from 108.5 Gigajoule per Capita in 2015 to 101 Gigajoule per Capita in 2023 (−6.9%), an average of −0.9% a year. The series high was 111.4 Gigajoule per Capita in 2018 and the low 99.90 Gigajoule per Capita in 2020.
The gap between the series high (2018) and low (2020) is 11.50 Gigajoule per Capita. The sharpest single-year move was −8.9% in 2020.
Among the 37 countries in this dataset, Italy ranks 24 for 2023, behind Singapore (577 Gigajoule per Capita) and UAE (539.4 Gigajoule per Capita). The global figure for 2023 is 77.00 Gigajoule per Capita, so Italy is above it.
Full series
Complete annual series with year-on-year change. Values are reported in Gigajoule per Capita.
Scroll the table sideways to see all columns.
| Year | Gigajoule per Capita | Change vs prior year |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 101 | −3.6% |
| 2022 | 104.8 | −2.5% |
| 2021 | 107.5 | +7.6% |
| 2020 Trough | 99.90 | −8.9% |
| 2019 | 109.7 | −1.5% |
| 2018Peak | 111.4 | +0.7% |
| 2017 | 110.6 | +1.4% |
| 2016 | 109.1 | +0.6% |
| 2015 | 108.5 | — |
Regional context
Primary Energy Consumption per Capita by country, 2023, Gigajoule per Capita. Italy is highlighted.
Data definition
Primary Energy Consumption per Capita — - Primary Energy Consumption per Capita refers to the total amount of primary energy consumed within a country divided by its total population in a given year. It is expressed as energy per person, typically measured in tonnes of oil equivalent (toe) per capita or gigajoules (GJ) per capita, depending on the dataset. This indicator reflects the average energy use of an individual in a country and provides insight into national energy intensity, living standards, industrialization levels, and economic structure. It is widely used to compare energy consumption patterns across countries and to assess trends in energy demand relative to population size.
The data includes total primary energy consumption from all major sources such as coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear energy, hydroelectric power, and renewable energy sources including wind, solar, biomass, and geothermal. It considers the full national energy supply before conversion losses and divides it by the mid-year population to derive per capita values. The indicator covers energy used across all sectors, including residential, industrial, commercial, transportation, and power generation activities. It reflects both direct energy use and energy used for electricity generation and other transformation processes, ensuring a comprehensive representation of national energy demand per person.
The data excludes energy consumption after transformation into final energy forms such as electricity and refined petroleum products when considered separately from primary inputs. It does not isolate sector-specific per capita consumption (e.g., industrial or household-only energy use). The indicator does not account for energy efficiency, affordability, or access disparities among population groups. It also does not measure emissions, environmental impacts, or energy service quality such as reliability and continuity of supply. Differences in statistical methodologies, conversion factors, and population estimation methods across countries may result in minor variations in comparability.
Primary Energy Consumption per Capita — - Primary Energy Consumption per Capita refers to the total amount of primary energy consumed within a country divided by its total population in a given year. It is expressed as energy per person, typically measured in tonnes of oil equivalent (toe) per capita or gigajoules (GJ) per capita, depending on the dataset. This indicator reflects the average energy use of an individual in a country and provides insight into national energy intensity, living standards, industrialization levels, and economic structure. It is widely used to compare energy consumption patterns across countries and to assess trends in energy demand relative to population size.
Measured in Gigajoules per capita (GJ per capita), the dataset reflects the average amount of primary energy consumed per person and serves as an important indicator of energy utilization, economic activity, and resource consumption efficiency.
Italy recorded primary energy consumption per capita of 108.5 GJ in 2015, increasing slightly to 109.1 GJ in 2016 and 110.6 GJ in 2017. Consumption continued to rise to 111.4 GJ in 2018, representing the highest level during the observed period, before easing to 109.7 GJ in 2019. In 2020, per capita consumption declined sharply to 99.9 GJ due to reduced economic activity and lower energy demand. The indicator recovered to 107.5 GJ in 2021 before moderating to 104.8 GJ in 2022 and declining further to 101.0 GJ in 2023, remaining above the 2020 level but below pre-pandemic values.
Overall, the dataset demonstrates moderate year-over-year fluctuations between 2015 and 2023. The most significant decline occurred during 2020, followed by a partial recovery that was not fully sustained in subsequent years. The trend reflects changing energy demand, gradual improvements in energy efficiency, economic adjustments, and evolving consumption patterns while maintaining relatively stable long-term energy utilization.
The dataset is valuable for benchmarking Italy against other countries, evaluating long-term energy demand patterns, and assessing progress in energy efficiency. It supports comparative research, policy evaluation, infrastructure planning, and sustainability assessments. Furthermore, the data provides a reliable foundation for forecasting future consumption trends and understanding the relationship between per capita energy use, economic development, technological advancement, industrial activity, environmental objectives, and long-term national energy transition planning.
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Definition- Primary Energy Consumption per Capita refers to the total amount of primary energy consumed within a country divided by its total population in a given year. It is expressed as energy per person, typically measured in tonnes of oil equivalent (toe) per capita or gigajoules (GJ) per capita, depending on the dataset. This indicator reflects the average energy use of an individual in a country and provides insight into national energy intensity, living standards, industrialization levels, and economic structure. It is widely used to compare energy consumption patterns across countries and to assess trends in energy demand relative to population size.
Italy Primary Energy Consumption per Capita was 101 Gigajoule per Capita in 2023, down 3.6% on 2022.
Italy Primary Energy Consumption per Capita moved from 108.5 Gigajoule per Capita in 2015 to 101 Gigajoule per Capita in 2023 (−6.9%), an average of −0.9% a year. The series high was 111.4 Gigajoule per Capita in 2018 and the low 99.90 Gigajoule per Capita in 2020.
The highest value was 111.4 Gigajoule per Capita in 2018 and the lowest was 99.90 Gigajoule per Capita in 2020.
Included: The data includes total primary energy consumption from all major sources such as coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear energy, hydroelectric power, and renewable energy sources including wind, solar, biomass, and geothermal. It considers the full national energy supply before conversion losses and divides it by the mid-year population to derive per capita values. The indicator covers energy used across all sectors, including residential, industrial, commercial, transportation, and power generation activities. It reflects both direct energy use and energy used for electricity generation and other transformation processes, ensuring a comprehensive representation of national energy demand per person. Excluded: The data excludes energy consumption after transformation into final energy forms such as electricity and refined petroleum products when considered separately from primary inputs. It does not isolate sector-specific per capita consumption (e.g., industrial or household-only energy use). The indicator does not account for energy efficiency, affordability, or access disparities among population groups. It also does not measure emissions, environmental impacts, or energy service quality such as reliability and continuity of supply. Differences in statistical methodologies, conversion factors, and population estimation methods across countries may result in minor variations in comparability.
The series is sourced from energyinst.org (https://www.energyinst.org/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/1542714/684_EI_Stat_Review_V16_DIGITAL.pdf). It covers 2015–2023 and is reported in Gigajoule per Capita.
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