Rising to a series high
Indonesia Primary Energy Consumption moved from 6.72 Exajoules in 2015 to 10.10 Exajoules in 2023 (+50.3%), an average of +5.2% a year. The series high was 10.10 Exajoules in 2023 and the low 6.72 Exajoules in 2015.
What Indonesia Primary Energy Consumption shows
Indonesia Primary Energy Consumption was 10.10 Exajoules in 2023, up 0.5% on 2022. The Primary Energy Consumption dataset of Indonesia from 2015 to 2023 provides a comprehensive overview of the country’s energy consumption landscape, highlighting total energy demand, consumption patterns, and long-term changes in the overall energy system.
A 33.5% peak-to-trough swing
The gap between the series high (2023) and low (2015) is 3.38 Exajoules. The sharpest single-year move was +26.1% in 2022.
Ranks 10 of 37 countries covered
Among the 37 countries in this dataset, Indonesia ranks 10 for 2023, behind China (170.7 Exajoules) and U.S. (94.28 Exajoules). It accounts for 1.6% of the global total in 2023.
Full series
Indonesia Primary Energy Consumption by year
Complete annual series with year-on-year change. Values are reported in Exajoules.
Scroll the table sideways to see all columns.
| Year | Exajoules | Change vs prior year |
|---|---|---|
| 2023Peak | 10.10 | +0.5% |
| 2022 | 10.05 | +26.1% |
| 2021 | 7.97 | +2.3% |
| 2020 | 7.79 | −5.9% |
| 2019 | 8.28 | +6.8% |
| 2018 | 7.75 | +9.5% |
| 2017 | 7.08 | +3.7% |
| 2016 | 6.83 | +1.6% |
| 2015 Trough | 6.72 | — |
Regional context
How Indonesia compares in Asia-Pacific
Primary Energy Consumption by country, 2023, Exajoules. Indonesia is highlighted.
1China170.7
2Japan17.40
3South Korea12.43
4Indonesia10.10
5Australia6.02
6Thailand5.01
7Vietnam4.89
8Malaysia4.81
Data definition
Inclusions and exclusions
Primary Energy Consumption — - Primary Energy Consumption refers to the total amount of energy consumed by a country before conversion into secondary energy forms such as electricity, heat, or refined fuels. It represents the consumption of energy from primary sources including fossil fuels, nuclear energy, and renewable energy sources within a given year. The metric is generally measured in Exajoules (EJ) and provides an overview of a country’s overall energy demand, economic activity, industrial development, and energy system structure. Primary Energy Consumption is an important indicator for evaluating energy usage patterns, resource dependence, energy security, and long-term energy transition trends across countries.
The data includes consumption of primary energy from major energy sources such as coal, crude oil, natural gas, nuclear energy, hydroelectricity, wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, and other renewable energy sources. It covers energy used across different sectors, including industrial, residential, commercial, transportation, and power generation activities. The dataset accounts for energy input before transformation into secondary energy products, allowing measurement of total energy demand at the national level. It includes domestically consumed energy and follows standardized calculation methodologies based on energy statistics from national sources and international energy databases, enabling comparison of energy consumption trends among countries.
The data excludes secondary energy products after conversion, such as electricity and refined petroleum products, when measured separately from their original primary energy inputs. It does not represent only electricity consumption or final energy consumption by end users. The indicator does not directly measure energy efficiency, energy affordability, carbon emissions, or the quality and reliability of energy services. Energy losses occurring during energy transformation, distribution, and transmission are accounted for according to the methodology used but do not represent actual useful energy consumed by consumers. Minor differences may occur due to variations in national statistical reporting, estimation methods, and energy accounting practices.
About this indicator
Primary Energy Consumption — - Primary Energy Consumption refers to the total amount of energy consumed by a country before conversion into secondary energy forms such as electricity, heat, or refined fuels. It represents the consumption of energy from primary sources including fossil fuels, nuclear energy, and renewable energy sources within a given year. The metric is generally measured in Exajoules (EJ) and provides an overview of a country’s overall energy demand, economic activity, industrial development, and energy system structure. Primary Energy Consumption is an important indicator for evaluating energy usage patterns, resource dependence, energy security, and long-term energy transition trends across countries.
Measured in Exajoules (EJ), the dataset represents the total primary energy consumed across the country and serves as an important indicator of energy utilization, economic activity, and infrastructure development.
Indonesia recorded primary energy consumption of 6.72 EJ in 2015, increasing to 6.83 EJ in 2016. Consumption continued to rise, reaching 7.08 EJ in 2017 and 7.75 EJ in 2018. In 2019, energy consumption increased further to 8.28 EJ, reflecting growing economic activity and rising energy requirements. In 2020, consumption declined slightly to 7.79 EJ due to reduced economic activity and changes in energy demand. Consumption recovered in 2021, reaching 7.97 EJ, and increased significantly to 10.05 EJ in 2022. In 2023, Indonesia recorded primary energy consumption of 10.10 EJ, representing the highest value during the observed period.
Overall, the dataset demonstrates a strong upward trend in Indonesia’s primary energy consumption from 2015 to 2023, with only a temporary decline in 2020. The continuous growth reflects economic expansion, industrial development, urbanization, and increasing energy demand across multiple sectors. The substantial increase after 2021 highlights renewed consumption growth and expanding energy requirements.
The dataset is useful for evaluating Indonesia’s energy consumption patterns, understanding long-term demand growth, and comparing energy trends across emerging economies. It supports research related to energy planning, infrastructure development, sustainability assessment, and policy evaluation. Furthermore, the data provides valuable insights for researchers, analysts, and policymakers studying energy security, consumption efficiency, and future energy system transformation in Indonesia.
- Indicator
- Primary Energy Consumption
- Country
- Indonesia
- Region
- Asia-Pacific
- Unit
- Exajoules
- Coverage
- 2015–2023, annual
- Category
- Energy & Power
- Last updated
- July 2026
- Source
- energyinst.org
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Frequently asked questions
What is Indonesia Primary Energy Consumption?
Definition- Primary Energy Consumption refers to the total amount of energy consumed by a country before conversion into secondary energy forms such as electricity, heat, or refined fuels. It represents the consumption of energy from primary sources including fossil fuels, nuclear energy, and renewable energy sources within a given year. The metric is generally measured in Exajoules (EJ) and provides an overview of a country’s overall energy demand, economic activity, industrial development, and energy system structure. Primary Energy Consumption is an important indicator for evaluating energy usage patterns, resource dependence, energy security, and long-term energy transition trends across countries.
What was Indonesia Primary Energy Consumption in 2023?
Indonesia Primary Energy Consumption was 10.10 Exajoules in 2023, up 0.5% on 2022.
How has Indonesia Primary Energy Consumption changed between 2015 and 2023?
Indonesia Primary Energy Consumption moved from 6.72 Exajoules in 2015 to 10.10 Exajoules in 2023 (+50.3%), an average of +5.2% a year. The series high was 10.10 Exajoules in 2023 and the low 6.72 Exajoules in 2015.
Which year had the highest and lowest Indonesia Primary Energy Consumption?
The highest value was 10.10 Exajoules in 2023 and the lowest was 6.72 Exajoules in 2015.
What does the Indonesia Primary Energy Consumption data include and exclude?
Included: The data includes consumption of primary energy from major energy sources such as coal, crude oil, natural gas, nuclear energy, hydroelectricity, wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, and other renewable energy sources. It covers energy used across different sectors, including industrial, residential, commercial, transportation, and power generation activities. The dataset accounts for energy input before transformation into secondary energy products, allowing measurement of total energy demand at the national level. It includes domestically consumed energy and follows standardized calculation methodologies based on energy statistics from national sources and international energy databases, enabling comparison of energy consumption trends among countries. Excluded: The data excludes secondary energy products after conversion, such as electricity and refined petroleum products, when measured separately from their original primary energy inputs. It does not represent only electricity consumption or final energy consumption by end users. The indicator does not directly measure energy efficiency, energy affordability, carbon emissions, or the quality and reliability of energy services. Energy losses occurring during energy transformation, distribution, and transmission are accounted for according to the methodology used but do not represent actual useful energy consumed by consumers. Minor differences may occur due to variations in national statistical reporting, estimation methods, and energy accounting practices.
Where does the Indonesia Primary Energy Consumption data come from?
The series is sourced from energyinst.org (https://www.energyinst.org/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/1542714/684_EI_Stat_Review_V16_DIGITAL.pdf). It covers 2015–2023 and is reported in Exajoules.
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