- Oil Refinery Throughput refers to the actual volume of crude oil and other refinery feedstocks processed by petroleum refineries during a given period.
Saudi Arabia Oil Refinery Throughput was 2,810 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2023, down 7% on 2022. The Oil Refinery Throughput dataset of Saudi Arabia from 2015 to 2023 provides a comprehensive overview of the country's petroleum refining activity, highlighting annual crude oil processing volumes, refinery performance, and developments across the downstream oil industry. Measured in million barrels daily, the dataset represents the actual volume of crude oil processed by domestic refineries each day.
Saudi Arabia Oil Refinery Throughput moved from 2,447 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2015 to 2,810 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2023 (+14.8%), an average of +1.7% a year. The series high was 3,020 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2022 and the low 2,397 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2020.
The gap between the series high (2022) and low (2020) is 623 Thousand Barrels Daily. The sharpest single-year move was +15.4% in 2021.
Among the 44 countries in this dataset, Saudi Arabia ranks 5 for 2023, behind U.S. (15,963 Thousand Barrels Daily) and China (15,102 Thousand Barrels Daily). It accounts for 3.4% of the global total in 2023.
Full series
Complete annual series with year-on-year change. Values are reported in Thousand Barrels Daily.
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| Year | Thousand Barrels Daily | Change vs prior year |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2,810 | −7% |
| 2022Peak | 3,020 | +9.2% |
| 2021 | 2,766 | +15.4% |
| 2020 Trough | 2,397 | −9.5% |
| 2019 | 2,649 | −4.4% |
| 2018 | 2,770 | −1.1% |
| 2017 | 2,802 | +1.8% |
| 2016 | 2,753 | +12.5% |
| 2015 | 2,447 | — |
Regional context
Oil Refinery Throughput by country, 2023, Thousand Barrels Daily. Saudi Arabia is highlighted.
Data definition
Oil Refinery Throughput — - Oil Refinery Throughput refers to the actual volume of crude oil and other refinery feedstocks processed by petroleum refineries during a given period. It is typically measured in thousand barrels per day (kb/d) and represents the operational output of the refining sector rather than its installed capacity. This indicator reflects the extent to which refinery infrastructure is utilized to convert crude oil into refined petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, kerosene, fuel oil, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and other petroleum products. Oil Refinery Throughput is widely used to assess refinery operations, downstream petroleum activity, fuel production levels, and the efficiency of refinery utilization.
The data includes the actual quantity of crude oil and eligible refinery feedstocks processed by petroleum refineries during the reporting period. It covers throughput from both public and privately operated refineries, including onshore and, where applicable, offshore refining facilities. The indicator reflects crude oil processed into refined petroleum products regardless of whether the crude oil is domestically produced or imported. It includes refinery operations across all major processing units involved in converting crude oil into finished petroleum products. Data is compiled from national energy authorities, refinery operators, and standardized international energy databases using internationally recognized reporting methodologies, enabling consistent comparison of refinery throughput across countries and over time.
The data excludes refinery nameplate capacity, crude oil production, crude oil reserves, oil consumption, imports and exports of refined petroleum products, and refinery utilization rates when reported separately. It does not include production from natural gas processing plants, biofuel refineries, synthetic fuel facilities, gas-to-liquids (GTL), or coal-to-liquids (CTL) plants unless specifically classified within refinery operations. The indicator also excludes petrochemical manufacturing processes that do not involve crude oil refining and does not directly measure refinery efficiency, product quality, profitability, or environmental performance. Minor variations may occur due to differences in national reporting standards, feedstock classifications, refinery accounting practices, and statistical estimation methodologies across countries.
Oil Refinery Throughput — - Oil Refinery Throughput refers to the actual volume of crude oil and other refinery feedstocks processed by petroleum refineries during a given period. It is typically measured in thousand barrels per day (kb/d) and represents the operational output of the refining sector rather than its installed capacity. This indicator reflects the extent to which refinery infrastructure is utilized to convert crude oil into refined petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, kerosene, fuel oil, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and other petroleum products. Oil Refinery Throughput is widely used to assess refinery operations, downstream petroleum activity, fuel production levels, and the efficiency of refinery utilization.
It serves as an important indicator of refinery utilization, fuel production, industrial efficiency, energy security, and Saudi Arabia's position as one of the world's leading petroleum refining and fuel exporting nations.
Saudi Arabia recorded oil refinery throughput of 2.45 million barrels daily in 2015, increasing to 2.75 million barrels daily in 2016 and 2.80 million barrels daily in 2017. Throughput remained relatively stable at 2.77 million barrels daily in 2018 before declining to 2.65 million barrels daily in 2019. In 2020, refinery throughput decreased to 2.40 million barrels daily because of lower global fuel demand and pandemic-related disruptions. Processing volumes recovered to 2.77 million barrels daily in 2021, reached a record 3.02 million barrels daily in 2022, and moderated slightly to 2.81 million barrels daily in 2023, reflecting strong refinery operations and export-oriented downstream activity.
Overall, the dataset indicates a positive long-term trend in refinery throughput despite temporary disruptions during 2020. The subsequent recovery highlights improving refinery utilization, expanding downstream capabilities, and sustained global demand for refined petroleum products.
The dataset is valuable for evaluating Saudi Arabia's refinery throughput trends, analyzing downstream industry performance, and assessing crude oil processing activity. It supports refinery utilization analysis, investment planning, energy security assessments, and policy evaluation while providing valuable insights for researchers, analysts, industry stakeholders, and policymakers studying refinery efficiency, infrastructure development, and the long-term competitiveness of Saudi Arabia's petroleum refining industry.
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Definition- Oil Refinery Throughput refers to the actual volume of crude oil and other refinery feedstocks processed by petroleum refineries during a given period. It is typically measured in thousand barrels per day (kb/d) and represents the operational output of the refining sector rather than its installed capacity. This indicator reflects the extent to which refinery infrastructure is utilized to convert crude oil into refined petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, kerosene, fuel oil, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and other petroleum products. Oil Refinery Throughput is widely used to assess refinery operations, downstream petroleum activity, fuel production levels, and the efficiency of refinery utilization.
Saudi Arabia Oil Refinery Throughput was 2,810 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2023, down 7% on 2022.
Saudi Arabia Oil Refinery Throughput moved from 2,447 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2015 to 2,810 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2023 (+14.8%), an average of +1.7% a year. The series high was 3,020 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2022 and the low 2,397 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2020.
The highest value was 3,020 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2022 and the lowest was 2,397 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2020.
Included: The data includes the actual quantity of crude oil and eligible refinery feedstocks processed by petroleum refineries during the reporting period. It covers throughput from both public and privately operated refineries, including onshore and, where applicable, offshore refining facilities. The indicator reflects crude oil processed into refined petroleum products regardless of whether the crude oil is domestically produced or imported. It includes refinery operations across all major processing units involved in converting crude oil into finished petroleum products. Data is compiled from national energy authorities, refinery operators, and standardized international energy databases using internationally recognized reporting methodologies, enabling consistent comparison of refinery throughput across countries and over time. Excluded: The data excludes refinery nameplate capacity, crude oil production, crude oil reserves, oil consumption, imports and exports of refined petroleum products, and refinery utilization rates when reported separately. It does not include production from natural gas processing plants, biofuel refineries, synthetic fuel facilities, gas-to-liquids (GTL), or coal-to-liquids (CTL) plants unless specifically classified within refinery operations. The indicator also excludes petrochemical manufacturing processes that do not involve crude oil refining and does not directly measure refinery efficiency, product quality, profitability, or environmental performance. Minor variations may occur due to differences in national reporting standards, feedstock classifications, refinery accounting practices, and statistical estimation methodologies across countries.
The series is sourced from energyinst.org (https://www.energyinst.org/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/1542714/684_EI_Stat_Review_V16_DIGITAL.pdf). It covers 2015–2023 and is reported in Thousand Barrels Daily.
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