- Oil Refinery Throughput refers to the actual volume of crude oil and other refinery feedstocks processed by petroleum refineries during a given period.
Singapore Oil Refinery Throughput was 857 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2023, down 3.5% on 2022. The Oil Refinery Throughput dataset of Singapore from 2015 to 2023 provides a comprehensive overview of the country's petroleum refining activity, highlighting annual crude oil processing volumes, refinery performance, and developments across the downstream oil industry. Measured in thousand barrels daily, the dataset represents the actual volume of crude oil processed by domestic refineries each day.
Singapore Oil Refinery Throughput moved from 901 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2015 to 857 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2023 (−4.9%), an average of −0.6% a year. The series high was 1,000 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2019 and the low 857 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2023.
The gap between the series high (2019) and low (2023) is 143 Thousand Barrels Daily. The sharpest single-year move was −13.9% in 2020.
Among the 44 countries in this dataset, Singapore ranks 20 for 2023, behind U.S. (15,963 Thousand Barrels Daily) and China (15,102 Thousand Barrels Daily). It accounts for 1% of the global total in 2023.
Full series
Complete annual series with year-on-year change. Values are reported in Thousand Barrels Daily.
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| Year | Thousand Barrels Daily | Change vs prior year |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 Trough | 857 | −3.5% |
| 2022 | 888 | +2% |
| 2021 | 871 | +1.2% |
| 2020 | 861 | −13.9% |
| 2019Peak | 1,000 | +2.7% |
| 2018 | 974 | −2% |
| 2017 | 994 | +7% |
| 2016 | 929 | +3.1% |
| 2015 | 901 | — |
Regional context
Oil Refinery Throughput by country, 2023, Thousand Barrels Daily. Singapore is highlighted.
Data definition
Oil Refinery Throughput — - Oil Refinery Throughput refers to the actual volume of crude oil and other refinery feedstocks processed by petroleum refineries during a given period. It is typically measured in thousand barrels per day (kb/d) and represents the operational output of the refining sector rather than its installed capacity. This indicator reflects the extent to which refinery infrastructure is utilized to convert crude oil into refined petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, kerosene, fuel oil, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and other petroleum products. Oil Refinery Throughput is widely used to assess refinery operations, downstream petroleum activity, fuel production levels, and the efficiency of refinery utilization.
The data includes the actual quantity of crude oil and eligible refinery feedstocks processed by petroleum refineries during the reporting period. It covers throughput from both public and privately operated refineries, including onshore and, where applicable, offshore refining facilities. The indicator reflects crude oil processed into refined petroleum products regardless of whether the crude oil is domestically produced or imported. It includes refinery operations across all major processing units involved in converting crude oil into finished petroleum products. Data is compiled from national energy authorities, refinery operators, and standardized international energy databases using internationally recognized reporting methodologies, enabling consistent comparison of refinery throughput across countries and over time.
The data excludes refinery nameplate capacity, crude oil production, crude oil reserves, oil consumption, imports and exports of refined petroleum products, and refinery utilization rates when reported separately. It does not include production from natural gas processing plants, biofuel refineries, synthetic fuel facilities, gas-to-liquids (GTL), or coal-to-liquids (CTL) plants unless specifically classified within refinery operations. The indicator also excludes petrochemical manufacturing processes that do not involve crude oil refining and does not directly measure refinery efficiency, product quality, profitability, or environmental performance. Minor variations may occur due to differences in national reporting standards, feedstock classifications, refinery accounting practices, and statistical estimation methodologies across countries.
Oil Refinery Throughput — - Oil Refinery Throughput refers to the actual volume of crude oil and other refinery feedstocks processed by petroleum refineries during a given period. It is typically measured in thousand barrels per day (kb/d) and represents the operational output of the refining sector rather than its installed capacity. This indicator reflects the extent to which refinery infrastructure is utilized to convert crude oil into refined petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, kerosene, fuel oil, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and other petroleum products. Oil Refinery Throughput is widely used to assess refinery operations, downstream petroleum activity, fuel production levels, and the efficiency of refinery utilization.
It serves as an important indicator of refinery utilization, fuel production, industrial efficiency, energy security, and Singapore's position as one of Asia's leading refining and petroleum trading hubs.
Singapore recorded oil refinery throughput of 901 thousand barrels daily in 2015, increasing to 929 thousand barrels daily in 2016 and 994 thousand barrels daily in 2017. Throughput eased slightly to 974 thousand barrels daily in 2018 before reaching 1,000 thousand barrels daily in 2019, the highest level during the review period. In 2020, refinery throughput declined to 861 thousand barrels daily because of reduced global fuel demand and pandemic-related operational disruptions. Processing volumes recovered modestly to 871 thousand barrels daily in 2021 and 888 thousand barrels daily in 2022 before declining slightly to 857 thousand barrels daily in 2023, reflecting evolving regional refining activity and export demand.
Overall, the dataset demonstrates relatively stable refinery throughput with moderate fluctuations throughout the review period. Although throughput declined during the pandemic, refinery operations recovered steadily, supported by Singapore's strategic role in regional fuel supply and petroleum trading.
The dataset is valuable for evaluating Singapore's refinery throughput trends, analyzing downstream industry performance, and assessing crude oil processing activity. It supports refinery utilization analysis, investment planning, energy security assessments, and policy evaluation while providing valuable insights for researchers, analysts, industry stakeholders, and policymakers studying refinery efficiency, infrastructure utilization, and the long-term competitiveness of Singapore's petroleum refining industry.
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Definition- Oil Refinery Throughput refers to the actual volume of crude oil and other refinery feedstocks processed by petroleum refineries during a given period. It is typically measured in thousand barrels per day (kb/d) and represents the operational output of the refining sector rather than its installed capacity. This indicator reflects the extent to which refinery infrastructure is utilized to convert crude oil into refined petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, kerosene, fuel oil, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and other petroleum products. Oil Refinery Throughput is widely used to assess refinery operations, downstream petroleum activity, fuel production levels, and the efficiency of refinery utilization.
Singapore Oil Refinery Throughput was 857 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2023, down 3.5% on 2022.
Singapore Oil Refinery Throughput moved from 901 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2015 to 857 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2023 (−4.9%), an average of −0.6% a year. The series high was 1,000 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2019 and the low 857 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2023.
The highest value was 1,000 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2019 and the lowest was 857 Thousand Barrels Daily in 2023.
Included: The data includes the actual quantity of crude oil and eligible refinery feedstocks processed by petroleum refineries during the reporting period. It covers throughput from both public and privately operated refineries, including onshore and, where applicable, offshore refining facilities. The indicator reflects crude oil processed into refined petroleum products regardless of whether the crude oil is domestically produced or imported. It includes refinery operations across all major processing units involved in converting crude oil into finished petroleum products. Data is compiled from national energy authorities, refinery operators, and standardized international energy databases using internationally recognized reporting methodologies, enabling consistent comparison of refinery throughput across countries and over time. Excluded: The data excludes refinery nameplate capacity, crude oil production, crude oil reserves, oil consumption, imports and exports of refined petroleum products, and refinery utilization rates when reported separately. It does not include production from natural gas processing plants, biofuel refineries, synthetic fuel facilities, gas-to-liquids (GTL), or coal-to-liquids (CTL) plants unless specifically classified within refinery operations. The indicator also excludes petrochemical manufacturing processes that do not involve crude oil refining and does not directly measure refinery efficiency, product quality, profitability, or environmental performance. Minor variations may occur due to differences in national reporting standards, feedstock classifications, refinery accounting practices, and statistical estimation methodologies across countries.
The series is sourced from energyinst.org (https://www.energyinst.org/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/1542714/684_EI_Stat_Review_V16_DIGITAL.pdf). It covers 2015–2023 and is reported in Thousand Barrels Daily.
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